ELISA is a highly sensitive test technique based on immunological reactions that combine the specific reaction of antigens and antibodies with the efficient catalytic action of enzymes on substrates. Since the reaction of the antigen and the antibody is carried out in the well of a solid phase carrier-polystyrene microtiter plate, after each reagent is added, the excess free reactant can be removed by washing to ensure the specificity and stability of the test result. In ELISA, competition ELISAs are particularly useful for measurements of antigen concentration in complex mixtures when the unknown samples that may contain antigen are compared to similar samples that contain known amounts of purified antigen.