Algal toxins are harmful substances produced by certain types of algae, posing significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. These toxins, commonly found in freshwater and marine environments, can contaminate drinking water sources and accumulate in seafood. Cyanobacteria, a type of algae, are often responsible for toxin production during algal blooms. Human exposure to algal toxins can lead to various health issues, including liver damage, neurotoxic effects, and gastrointestinal problems. Monitoring and managing algal toxins are crucial for safeguarding water supplies and ensuring the safety of food sources derived from affected ecosystems. Public awareness and proactive measures are essential to mitigate the risks associated with algal toxins.